Business Ethics Fleming

Business Ethics Fleming The customer is the most important stakeholder of any company. Companies exist to serve the needs of their customers. Therefore, it is vital for a company to ensure that it does not damage its relationship with the customers. Disregarding the wishes of customers would result in the collapse of a company (Thompson, et al. 2011).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Business Ethics: Fleming specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is what happened to Fleming Companies, which was the largest distributor of consumer-packaged goods in the US. The company habitually provided wrong billing to its customers. The company did not stop the malpractice despite regular complaints from customers. Fleming habitually engaged in accounting malpractice to boost its margin and restore its financial profitability. Senior executives of the company supported the company’s engagement in unethical conduct. As an executive of the company duri ng that period when it engaged in unethical conduct, I would have claimed that problems in the accounting systems were the major reasons why the company provided wrong billing to its customers. I would have claimed that the company was not defrauding its customers since it was willing to repay money that it owed customers due to wrong billing. Fleming used its muscle unfairly to engage in unethical activities. The company realized that it was a vital component in the supply chain of its customers. It was the major link between the suppliers and their customers. Therefore, damaging the relationship between the company and the suppliers would have limited the ability of the suppliers to access their customers. Fleming jeopardized the activities of its suppliers by engaging in unethical conduct. Fleming’s malpractices limited the ability of its suppliers to keep accurate financial records. Keeping accurate financial records enables companies to know their real financial position (Nikolai, Bazley Jones, 2009). As a manufacturer who sold its products through Fleming during the period when the company was engaging in unethical conduct, I would have looked for another distributor to handle my products. This was the main reason why Fleming engaged in unethical activities regularly.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, the company was unwilling to stop engaging in unethical activities despite complaints from customers. By doing so, Fleming disregarded the wishes of its customers. Fleming’s unethical conduct made it difficult for manufacturers to determine the integrity of Fleming’s billings. The unethical conduct necessitated suppliers to countercheck billings from Fleming. This was an expensive and time-consuming activity. Therefore, looking for an alternative distributor was the best option for manufacturers who distrib uted their products through Fleming. As a Fleming shareholder during the period when the company engaged in unethical conduct, I would not have been pleased with the turnaround strategy that the company was employing. This is due to the fact that the strategy breached the trust that customers had on the company. Fleming disregarded the fact that customer loyalty was the main factor that led to the prosperity of the company. The unethical behavior of the company tarnished the image and reputation of the company (Thomson, et al., 2011). Therefore, I would have sold my shares before the discovery of this unethical practice. Discovery of the unethical practice threatened the existence of the company. Loss of the trust that customers had on the company would have resulted in massive exodus of customers from the company. Unfortunately, this is what happened after the Wall Street Journal reported the company’s unethical conduct. Therefore, selling my shares before this happend would enable me to safeguard my investment. Unethical practice led to the ultimate collapse of the Fleming companies. This is despite having acquired more than 100 new customers. Fleming’s case highlights the importance of customer loyalty in the competitiveness of a company. A company should not take advantage of its size to violate the wishes of its customers. References Nikolai, L. A., Bazley, J.D. Jones, J.P. (2009). Intermediate accounting. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Business Ethics: Fleming specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thompson, A., Peteraf, M., Strickland, A. J. Gamble, J. (2011). Crafting executing strategy: Concepts and readings. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies.

The Concept of Privacy under the Fourth Amendment Essay

The Concept of Privacy under the Fourth Amendment - Essay Example The right to privacy is stipulated in the 4th amendment of United States Constitution (Hess & Orthmann, 2008). The court argued that making a telephone call is a personal affair; therefore, the FBI and Police Department illegally recorded Katz’s phone call. This is because the 4th amendment barres any state agency to engage in unlawful seizures and searches of American Citizens (Hess & Orthmann, 2008). The 4th amendment of the U.S. Constitution defines what is needed to trespass into any American’s right to privacy. It also defines what privacy right means. This amendment is what made the U.S. Supreme Court rule in favour of Katz. This test asks two questions; first, whether a person has a subjective, or actual expectation of privacy. This is evaluated in the context of individual behaviour, case by case, and is focused on the subjective or actual belief of the victim, who is the subject of the search (Hess & Orthmann, 2008). Second, whether or not there is an objective expectation of society. This tests whether there is a substantial expectation of privacy. The majority of the court rejected trespass doctrine, holding that the 4th amendment does not protect things that an individual exposes to the public, but what an individual expects to keep private, in all places, including public areas (Hess & Orthmann,

Parallel trade (import) in pharmaceuticals in the UK Dissertation

Parallel trade (import) in pharmaceuticals in the UK - Dissertation Example One of the most common problems of these practices is their failure to fully meet the standards related to the relevant activity. Furthermore, it seems that the willingness of the state to support business initiatives in various industrial sectors is not standardized. The above problem has resulted to the development of practices, which can help businesses to minimize the risks of loss and increase their competitiveness; parallel trade is such practice. Despite its value in increasing business performance, mostly through decreasing prices while the quality of offered products is not affected, parallel trade has been often negatively criticized as of its effects on the economy. On the other hand, there are industries more appropriate for parallel trade and others where parallel trade practices are difficult to be established. In the pharmaceutical industry of Britain, parallel import was used in order to control prices, which are already at a high level – compared to the averag e prices of similar products in other EU countries. The use of parallel trade in the pharmaceutical industry has been initially related to the reduced prices for patients; however, through the years, the specific activity has been also found to help towards ‘the reduction of costs for the social security system of the importing countries’.1 In practice, it has been proved that the use of parallel trade in the specific case did not manage to significantly support the particular industry – at least, not at the level expected by its initiators. However, important benefits were resulted for the British economy. The effects of parallel trade on the British pharmaceutical industry are examined in this paper. Emphasis is given on the policies used by the British legislators to control parallel trade regarding the pharmaceutical products and minimize relevant risks. It is concluded that parallel trade in the British pharmaceutical industry has helped the industry in incr ease its competitiveness against its rivals – referring mostly to the pharmaceutical industries of other member states; however, in terms of the performance of British pharmaceutical firms, the benefits of parallel trade are not clear, a fact indicating that additional measures need to be taken in order for the parallel trade in the specific industry to be more effectively controlled. 2. Parallel trade – description, characteristics and benefits Due to its nature, parallel import cannot be clearly defined; rather, reference could be made to its characteristics, as identified in the literature published in the particular field. In accordance with Cheng et al. (1995) the key characteristics of the parallel import are the following ones: ‘a) it relates to goods protected by trademark/ patent or copyright and b) the importer is not the rightholder of the said right but obtained and exported’.2 In terms of their legal status, parallel import goods have been cha racterized as ‘greymarket goods’, meaning that they are not fully legal;3 this issue is judged each time by reviewing the conditions of the local market but also the economic benefits to which parallel import is related in a particular market.4 In practice, this means that in countries where parallel import highly supports the national economy, its potential alignment with the law (referring to the legal status of the parallel

Mix Map Model Essay Example for Free

Mix Map Model Essay Mixmap model provides information that helps the company to determine the factors that effectively analyse the present tactics and based on the analysis it can determine future tactics. Mixmap model includes 4P’s, Product life cycle, BCG matrix and Ansoff matrix. * Product life cycle Product life cycles (PLC) are the stages that a product goes through during its life cycle in the market. Product life cycle is used in order to show current stage of the product or the company at present which including four stages, Introduction, Growth, Maturity and Decline. PLC is useful for determining the current market position and it is significant for the company to adapt their product or brands marketing strategy to the changing condition of the market environment. Introduction – is first introduced. It offers something new in terms of its design or performance, with few competitors offering the same product. Growth – as volume grows, competitors may enter the growing market. Keeping up with demand could prove to be the main operations.. Maturity Demand starts to level off. Operations will be expected to get the costs down in order to maintain profits or to allow price cutting. Decline After time, sales will decline with more competitors dropping out of the market. Eg. MS is in a high fashion industry and its product offering is the latest trends and designs with a life of maximum 2 weeks so its product life cycle cure becomes like the above diagram. * Boston Group Matrix – Uses market share and market growth criteria for determining the attractiveness and balance of a business portfolio. Star – is a business unit within a portfolio, which has a high market share in a growing market. It is well- established and fantastic opportunities. Question mark – is a business unit within a portfolio that is in a growing market, but does not yet have high market share. Cash cow – is a business unit within a portfolio that has a high market share in mature market. Dogs – are business units within a portfolio that have low share in static or declining markets. Example MS in terms of BCG matrix is either ‘dogs’ (cash in balance) or question marks (cash cow). The portfolio of MSs products is good in clothing having star position and in food MS has occupied the position of question mark relative market shares is low with low industry growth and in financial services industry growth is high but MSs market share is low and will require substantial capital investment to turn them into stars. * McKinsey Matrix – Highlights the importance of fit between strategy, structure, sytems, staff, style, skills and superordinate goals. Three aspects of organizing. First, organizing involves a lot more than just getting the organizational structure right; there are many other elements to attend to. Second, the 7-s framework emphasizes fit between all these elements everything from structure to skills needs to be connected together. Third, if managers change one element of the 7-s, the concept of fit suggests they are likely to have to change all the other elements as well in order to keep them all appropriately aligned to each other. Strategy are plans an organization formulates to reach identified goals, and a set of decisions and actions aimed at gaining a sustainable advantage over the competition Structure – is the key ingredient of organizing for success. But structure can only work if they are supported by formal and informal organizational system System – can be subdivided in two ways. First, systems tend to emphasis either control over inputs or control over output. The second is between direct and indirect control. Style – refers to the leadership style of top managers in an organization and how key managers behave to achieving the organization goals. Staff – is about the kinds of people in the organization and how they are developed. Skills – relates to staff. It raises not only staff skills but also issues to do with how these skills are embedded in and captured by the organization as a whole. Superordinate goals – refers to the overarching goals or purpose of the organization as a whole. Superordinate goals are placed at the center of the 7-s framework: all other elements should support these. Example MS are fully exercising the 7s model and coordinating at all levels to generate maximum output. Structure is well defined since it is old player in this industry so they have learnt a lot from their experience curve and now have developed an outstanding structure. In the initial phase MS got experience through hit and trial method and now have developed good strategies and system. MS also has got excellent skills and is full getting benefit of these skills. They are well known figures in clothing industry and have gained professional and productive staff. MS have shared values which are widely spread in its all 7s and are reflected by their strategic moves * Ansoff’s Matrix – Is a very useful tool and can be used in nearly every scenario. It neatly summarizes many of the strategic options facing organizations. Market penetration – existing markets and products This is a strategy by which a company seeks to increase the sales of its present products in its existing markets. Product development – existing markets and new product This strategy has the aim of increasing sales by developing products for a company’s existing market. Market development – existing products and new markets This strategy has the aim of increasing sales by repositioning present products to new markets Diversification – develop new products in new markets This could be related to what we do at the moment. Diversification is a high risk strategy as the business is unfamiliar with the product and the target market. Example We can see from the Ansoffs Matrix, MS’s lunch of Financial services products will have involved a diversification strategy. As MS did not already sells financial products, so new market and new product. Both capability and market consideration has driven MS into development of new markets and products. 4Ps * Price – The price of a product or service is the important influencers in the decision on whether to buy. Eg. Marks and Spencer vary in price. However most of the products seem to be fairly cheap affordable prices. This is good because the clothes are of good quality; however the pricing isn’t too expensive. * Promotion – represents all of the methods of communication that a marketer may use to provide information to different parties about the product. The promotion mix consists of four elements: advertising, sales promotion, public relations and personal selling. Eg. Marks and Spencer tend to promote ladies fashion mainly on Television and on their website. They also advertise on billboards etc. * Place – refers to providing the product at a place, which is convenient for consumers to access.eg. For MS all ladies fashion is placed on a certain floor in the store, so it is easily found and is easy to locate, and find particular product. * Product – Product covers both the usefulness and demand for an item in general and also any specific features and benefits. In general, when buying the fast fashion clothes, style and quality are the key requirements for customer. If it is to stand out from rivals products. It can be done by changing this brand name, quality, and packaging. Eg. MS offers many different clothing concepts for man, woman and children, and also sell accessary and cosmetic.

Marshall Matt Dillon - An Old-West Hero :: American History Essays

Marshall Matt Dillon - An Old-West Hero In the 1950s the radio program, Gunsmoke, starred William Conrad as Marshall Matt Dillon. Gunsmoke was set in Dodge City, Kansas between 1872 and 1885, when the Santa Fe Railroad reached town and when the Texas cattle drives were forced to end by local farmers. Known as the Queen of the Cow Towns, the Wicked Little City, and the Gomorrah of the Plains, this little town had the reputation for being a hostile, lawless town where the fastest gun ruled (Gunsmoke). The character Marshall Matt Dillon was modeled after the real lawmen such as Wyatt Earp (1848-1929) who tamed Dodge City. Dillon was laid-back, tried to avoid conflicts, and was tough when the need arose. Gunsmoke includes the talented actors of Howard McNear (Doc), Parley Baer (Chester) Georgia Ellis (Kitty) along with Dillon who makes up the cast of four main characters. Chester is Dillons middle aged helper who is around him often. Everyone goes to see the town physician, Doc, and visitors and friends alike are able to meet Kitty, a saloon girl, at the Texas Trails. Matt Dillon, with a laid-back personality, liked to peruse the town or just sit on a porch with his buddy, Chester, chatting about the days events. One day, as the two are chatting, their friend Kitty walks up to invite them for a drink in the bar. Sure, why not, they reply. Not much happens at times in their small humble town, except when certain people come around and stir up situations where the Marshall has to be involved. Even when at the doctors office getting a piece of lead removed from his leg, Dillon is easy-going and care-free. When needing to confront someone, Matt Dillon would rather not approach a situation where conflicts might occur. In one episode, Webb Johnson walks up to Dillon and almost defiantly states that just because Dillon has a star on his chest does not make Johnson afraid of him. Dillon just looks at him, not threatened at all. Knowing Johnson is a big fan of the saloon, Dillon avoids the place at all costs. Another morning, while Chester and Dillon are visiting at Dillons desk, a Mr. Cook runs in looking for someone. He says he wants to kill the person, which is a strange comment to say in front of a federal Marshall. Dillon wants to stay out of this seemingly personal brawl, but as a Marshall, his job is to protect people and stop brutal fights.

Main Factors of Lesson Plan Papers Essay

Main Factors of Lesson Plan PapersWhen addressing a classroom without goals, objectives, and a clear path is an obvious mistake that any teacher could make. The greatest idea will fall flat without understanding what to consider when lesson planning, and as we know all lessons require knowing how to reach specific students and how to respond to their needs as a student. Outlined in this paper is the Framework for Teaching, Core propositions, comparison of framework and propositions, main factors to consider when lesson planning, and how to identify the difference between goals and objectives, as well as observable and measurable objectives. Charlotte Danielson’s Enhancing Professional Practice: A Framework for Teaching (2007), Danielson used the Praxis III assessment and created organized responsibilities for teachers. Within this, there are four domains that were covered in The Framework for Teaching; planning and preparation, classroom environment, instruction and, professio nal responsibilities. She outlines what each of the four domains is and clearly states the key concept and thesis. In 1987, The National Board of Certified Teachers (NBCTs) created a policy of the vision of accomplished teaching that they had. NBCTs also created The Five Core Propositions to â€Å"form the foundation and frame the rich amalgam of knowledge, skills, dispositions, and beliefs.† The Five Core Propositions are: teachers are committed to their students and their learning, teachers know the subjects they teach and how to teach those subjects to the students, teachers are responsible for monitoring and managing student learning, teachers should think systematically about their practice and learn from experience, and teachers are members of a learning community. All five of these propositions outline what every teacher should know and be able to do. Here is a visual organizer comparing the framework of lesson planning to the propositions of teaching by using different colors to categorize it. It is clear to see how the framework for lesson planning comes across in the propositions for effective teachers. Teachers should be able to create plans of goals and activities to help promote learning and implement instruction into their everyday lessons. A detailed lesson plan should consider how to organize and achieve the goals  and objectives of the lesson that is being taught. When a teacher is planning a lesson, they should start with the end in mind. Including several instruction methods to ensure, various learning types are being addressed. To have an effective lesson it has to focus on time allowances to be able to ensure productivity and completion of the extra activities. Once the initial lesson is complete, revisions, adaptations, and sometimes, re-teaching the lesson may be crucial in order to make sure that every student fully understands. Goals and objectives, as well as observable and measurable objectives, are important to have in the lesson plan as well. Goals for a lesson are an outline for students to understand the direction that they are intended to go in. Goals are not measurable. Objectives clearly define the goal, including measurable and observable behaviors. A method if setting clear objectives in lesson planning is to use S.M.A.R.T., which is an acronym for (S) Specific, (M) Measurable, (A) Attainable, (R) Realistic or relevant, and (T) Time Limited. For Example teaching students how to draw a triangle is the goal. The objective is that students will show their understanding by (a) identifying the correct and incorrect triangle, (b) correctly draw a triangle. This behavior is observable of the triangle identified correctly and drawn correctly. The measurable objective is to have 80% of the class showing they can do both of these things without help. Teaching to a captive audience is a huge responsibility. To be able to honor this responsibility it is our duty as a teacher to create engaging and nourishing lessons for every student. As well as being able to understand the logic, method, and clear process of lesson planning that will allow observable and measurable success in the classroom. References National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (2014). The Five Core Propositions. Retrieved on October 17, 2014 from www.nbpts.org Methods for Effective Teaching: Meeting the Needs of All Students, Sixth Edition, by Paul R. Burden and David M. Byrd. Published by Pearson. Copyright 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. http://www.madison.k12.al.us/personnel/NBCT/TchrInfo.htm. Retrieved October 17, 2014.

Essay about The Great Depression in America - 1156 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Imagine losing all of the money youve ever earned in a few years. This may seem quite far fetched, but the Crash of 1929 made this a reality. The crash of 1929 established the beginning of Americas most memorible era; the great depression. According to the London Penny Press, following the week of Black Thursday, one could go to New York and see speculators hurling themselves from windows because they had lost everything in the crash. (The Great Crash 1929-Galbraith) Many people had everything they could ever dream of before the crash occured, but after the crash they found themselves poor, hungry, unemployed, and devastated. ErmDux14: Of course during hard times people need someone or something to†¦show more content†¦Many held onto their stocks until they reached a high enough point, then selling them at a much higher price that they had bought them, making a hefty profit. This worked well for a long time, but soon enough skeptical people would lose confidence in the market and would begin to sell their stocks. This ruined the idea that stocks were increasing in value. People no longer held onto their stocks in hopes to make a profit. Instead they would want to sell. Eventually everyone wanted to sell and prices fell drastically. (The Great Crash 1929-Galbraith) This is the way the market crashed in 1929. In years leading up to 1929 when speculation was high and stocks were being purchased, they were bought on a ten percent margin. This meant that investors were putting up only ten percent of the actual price of a stock. The remaining ninety percent was borrowed from banks or brokers. Many thou ght that they would be able to repay loans and gain profit when they sold their stocks later on. This led to eight billion dollars of stock loans which president Hoover had to liquidate.(The memoirs of Hebert Hoover) ErmDux14: In September of 1929 the market was very unpredictable, some days doing well other days it fell a little. Many started to notice a downward trend. The industrial part of the country started to slump and the market began toShow MoreRelatedThe Great Depression Of America920 Words   |  4 PagesThe Great Depression A major event in American history that has shaped society today is the great depression that began in 1929 and ended in 1939. The official day the stock market crashed was a a day known as â€Å"black Tuesday†. At the time, the American government was not prepared nor did they have policies in place that made them well prepared for such an event to take place. This unfortunate event threw Americans into a an economic crisis unlike any event experienced before in history and leftRead MoreThe Great Depression Of America1727 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Depression in America is often believed to have ended when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbour and the US entered WWII in December 1941. However, while an exact end date is a matter of debate, it’s obvious the end of the Great Depression correlates somewhat with the beginning of the war, leading many to believe WWII must have ended the Great Depression and triggered the economic recovery of the United States. Many histo rians believe that the government and military spending restimulatedRead MoreThe Great Depression Of America980 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica has been around for many years and during those years people of America have experienced horrible times and fantastic times. There were the world wars, and there were the roaring twenties when America was the fastest growing. After the roaring twenties the American economy took a turn for the worse. After such a prosperous decade, when America went into the depression people were not ready for such a drastic change. Many people didn’t understand how it occurred, but now we have a better understandingRead MoreAmerica in the Great Depression1370 Words   |  5 Pagesdecade, from 1929 to 1940, America’s economy failed to operate at a level that allowed most Americans to attain economic success. A worldwide depression struck countries with market economies at the end of the 1920s. Although the Great Depression was relatively mild in some countries, it was severe in others, especially in the United States. The Great Depression left the American economy in ruins with problems that would take decades to fix. Government involvement increased in an effort to reconstructRead MoreThe Great Depression Of America3487 Words   |  14 Pages The Great Depression If one asks most Americans their opinion about when our nations’ economy crashed the most severely, they would most likely say the period between October 1929, until 1930 when the United States went through the great depression. The great depression was a time where people lost nearly everything, from houses and farms, to families and children. People were starving and left out in the cold. The worst part about this was that once people lost their belongings, they were goneRead MoreThe Great Depression of America514 Words   |  2 Pagesmill in Gary several other factories and companies started to travel to Gary for products because it became a business that lasted for decades. There was great memories in the 1920s with the great depression that had eventually changed in the 1930s. There were a crash of the stock market that was drawn in 1929 with the Great Depression of America. The American had no choice but to share unemployment and poverty. Then there was a decrease in the agriculture market which had a distress effect on theRead MoreThe Great Depression Changed America845 Words   |  4 PagesEssay The Great Depression changed our whole society but not in a bad way. The drop of the stock market gave buyers two choices; work harder to earn their money back or give up. After families lost most of their money they gave up and couldn’t provide for themselves. The Great Depression has majorly affected our current world. The Great Depression had shown how big companies affected America, how much the Executive branches power had grown and how the bank could not always be trusted. The Great DepressionRead MoreThe Great Depression Trademarks America1544 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Depression trademarks America at its all-time historical down point. In FDR’s Folly, Powell spotlights the presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, astronomical levels of unemployment, as well as the New Deal program developed to combat the Great Depression. Powell, who was born and educated in London, earned a master’s degree in history and he clearly demonstrates his views to the reader. In his words, FDR’s presidency did not aid the economic state but drove it further back as well asRead MoreThe Great Depression And Its Effects On America2001 Words   |  9 PagesThe Great Depression was an incredibly dull time in the historical backdrop of the United States, impacting all the financial assets of the American lifestyle. The Great Depression shattered the financial status of the United States. President Roosevelt has been known for sparing the U.S out of the financial turmoil it found itself in from the Great Depression. The causative components of t he Great Depression are still up for debate by many students of history and economics. For some individualsRead More The Great Depression in America Essay2388 Words   |  10 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Great Depression was a huge economic downfall in North America and involved many other industrialized countries of the world. The Depression began in 1929 and lasted for about ten years. Millions of people lost their jobs along with many businesses going bankrupt. The common misconception of the Great Depression is people think that the stock market crash was the main cause for it. There were many causes for the Depression; unequal distribution of money during the